Adverb Clauses

** defining clauses that indicate how, when, where, why, or under what conditions thing happen.

Main clauses, adverb clauses.

** Adverb clauses of time. (Before, after, when, while)

Before I played football, I was a basketball player.

He went directly home after he finished his duty.

While he was working in the emergency unit, he met his soul mate. (Classmate, roommate)

** Adverb clauses of place. (Where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere)

I have seen patients everywhere in the hospital.

Anywhere you go, you will remember me.

I call her wherever I go.

I will never leave her behind wherever I travel.

I am loved wherever I go.

** Adverb clauses of reasons. (Because, since, as, now that, in as much as, in that)

I am taking English lessons because I want to pass my English exam.

I am able to travel to Paris since my visa application was turned down.

Now that there is an earthquake in Turkey, we have to donate money to charity.

I am very sleepy today in that I stayed up late yesterday.

As he was broken down emotionally, he couldn’t even speak.

** Adverb clauses of conditions. (Unless, if, only if, even if, provided that, supposing that, as long as, but for, in case)

In case: I will go to the party in case my supervisor is going.

(I don’t know if my supervisor goes to the party, but I still go)

If: I will go to the party if my supervisor is going. (I won’t go if my supervisor is not going)

I will help you unless you give up.

I won’t go to the party even if they offer me one million dollars.

Only if she wins the gold medal, will she get a professional contract.

** Adverbs of contrast.

(Although, even though, whereas, on the other hand, despite, while)

Although she is ill, she still goes to her work.

I like traveling around the world whereas my brother likes to stay at home and learn to code.

The president won the election though he didn’t deserve the victory.

Even though she was well prepared for the exam, she failed in the exam.

Though he is just 19 years old, he has got 10 children.

While the tea is cheap, the coffee is expensive.

Adverb clauses and Adverbial phrases

** The difference between adverb causes and adverbial phrases.

While we were in Italy, we had big trouble.

While in Italy, we had big trouble.

** Adverbial clauses of time and phrase.

Before we left, we kissed each other.

Before leaving, we kissed each other.

The police identified the thieves after they had investigated.

The police identified the thieves after having investigated.

** Adverbial clauses and phrases for time.

While they waited at the hospital, the patient died.

While waiting at the hospital, the patient died.

Because I have been to Colombia, I know Latin culture.

Having been to Colombia, I know Latin culture.

Since the doctor was accused by the police, the doctor should appear in court.

Accused by the police, the doctor should appear in court.